The UK government approved a natural gas project off the coast of Scotland over the objections of environmental groups on Wednesday, saying it would improve energy security even as the country transitions to renewable sources of energy.
Gas from the Jackdaw field east of Aberdeen, which was stalled by a court ruling in 2024, is expected to start flowing into Britain’s gas distribution network later this year. The government said it will reduce reliance on foreign energy threatened by conflict in the Middle East and Ukraine.
Authorities have yet to rule on the Rosebank project west of the Shetland Islands, which is expected to produce mainly crude oil.
Jackdaw and Rosebank have been the subject of intense debate in Britain and beyond, with US President Donald Trump among those who have piled pressure on British Prime Minister Andy Burnham to approve them.
Supporters say Britain will continue to need oil and gas to power industry and heat homes during the transition, and it is better to use local sources than rely on foreign supplies.
The government said Jackdaw would make a “small but meaningful” contribution to the nation’s energy security, accounting for about 5% of UK gas production during the 11-year life of the project. But it acknowledged that the project wouldn’t eliminate Britain’s need for imported gas or reduce prices, which are set by international markets.
Environmental activists and some members of the ruling Labour Party argue that the projects are at odds with efforts to reduce the use of fossil fuels and combat climate change.
They warn that approving the project would breach the United Kingdom’s national and international climate commitments and generate more carbon emissions while bringing little benefit to the public.
“The truth is that this decision will only support a tiny number of jobs, do nothing to lower prices, barely move the needle on growth, and undermine the UK’s climate leadership,” said Kate Norgrove, chief impact officer of the nonprofit WWF-UK.
While Jackdaw was approved by a previous Conservative-led government in 2022, that decision was stalled by legal challenges. The Court of Session in Edinburgh last year ruled that both Jackdaw and Rosebank had been unlawfully approved because the government had failed to consider the carbon emissions generated by burning gas from the projects when it assessed their environmental impact.
After further review, Energy Minister Miatta Fahnbulleh approved the project on Wednesday.
