By Dr Eriny Saied
Egyptian academic and political analyst
The very essence of Democracy is that it reflects people power not constitutional choice for elites, as larry diamond said, also the root issue requires fairness and equality are the firm conviction of regime system which believes in the people’s authority to elect their representatives.
Egypt continues its democratic and constitutional path, by Holding 2025 House of Representatives Elections, considered the first and most significant source for legislation, as clarified parliamentary elections are the pivetol indicator of the quantity of political systems, meanwhile an important standard among standards for evaluating theses political systems.
It has practiced to hold parliamentary elections, since decades, therefore It Skillfully manages it through the first phase, especially logistical arrangements and plans security, as clarified in National Egyptian Authority procedures, including judicial supervising, QR codes at polling stations, comprehensive plan security and allowing to international observes.
It’s important to review the function and tasks of parliament, as commonly known in modern political systems, particularly parliament strongly contributes in democracy through its functions, whither Legislation or oversight the government and financial accountability, according to electrocal Law in the 2014 constitution along with its subsequent amendments, there are more than 38 articles related to the legislative authority, particularly numbers of seats, assigned role, candidacy requirement, let us review its functions among them following:
The House of Representatives is entrusted with the authority to enact legislations and approve the general policy of the State, the general plan of economic and social development and the State budget. It exercises oversight over the actions of the executive power, according to (Article 101).
The State budget shall include all of its revenues and expenditures without exception. The draft budget shall be submitted to the House of Representatives at least ninety (90) days before the beginning of the fiscal year; and shall not be effective unless approved thereby. Voting thereon shall be made on a section-by-section basis.
The House of Representatives may alter the expenditures stated in the draft budget, except for those allocated to honor a specific State liability.
Should such alteration result in an increase in total expenditures, the House of Representatives must reach an agreement with the Government on the means to procure sources of revenue so as to restore a balance between both. The State budget shall be issued by a law which may include an amendment of another existing law to the extent necessary to achieve such balance.
In all cases, the budget law may not include any provision that puts new burdens on citizens.
The Law shall specify the fiscal year, the method of preparing the State budget, and the provisions of the budgets of public bodies and organisations and their accounts.
The House of Representatives must approve the transfer of any funds from one section of the State budget to another, as well as any expenditure not included therein or in excess of its estimate. Such approval shall be issued by a law accordance (Article 124).
The final accounts of the State budget must be submitted to the House of Representatives within a period not exceeding six (6) months as of the end of the fiscal year. The annual report of the Central Auditing Organisation (CAO) and the latter’s notes on the final accounts shall be submitted therewith.
The final accounts shall be put to vote on a section-by-section basis and shall be issued by a law.
The House of Representatives has the right to ask CAO for any additional data or reports accordance to (Article 124).
Eventually we can reaffirm, widespread participation in these elections is crucial to securing a promising future, particularly as the new parliament aligns with and responds to Egypt’s vision 2023.
